Hard Boiled Slang-spun1

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Hard Boiled Slang,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
Crime stories in the 1930s are filled with a variety of colourful street slang, whether you're reading a pulp fiction mystery by Dashiell Hammett or watching a film noir classic such as the Maltese Falcon or The Thin Man. While slang has seeped in to the modern vernacular (dame, babe, grifter),[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], there is lots of usage that may be puzzling to the modern reader. You may want to figure out what this means whenever a character says, 'Let's possess a look-see in which the twist flops'. Maybe your impression of Humphrey Bogart or Edward G Robinson is simply a little flat. Or you just want the words to match your tough guy look and battered fedora. If that's the case, this entry's for you.
This entry is designed to give whatever you palookas the low-down on such talk, so you will not be daunted by some of the language you encounter. This entry is simply a basic introduction, and people looking for a definitive guide ought to take a look at Twists, Slugs, and Roscoes: A Glossary of Hard Boiled Slang online. Remember, a lot of this language comes from a different time, when America was suffering through its Great Depression, fighting rising crime, enforcing Prohibition, and becoming a melting pot for immigrants from many different nations and languages. It may seem a bit crude and overly dramatic, but hard boiled fiction was attempting to capture the true gritty nature of crime within the big cities.
Common Terms and PhrasesIt would not be 'hard boiled'1 without the crime. Hence, a lot of the film noir slang describes crime along with other unsavory facets of the criminal underworld. For convenience, the terms happen to be grouped into loose categories (not alphabetically). A sizable criminal organization is generally headed with a 'boss' with several trusted 'lieutenants'. They often may have hired gunmen and other tough guys, which may be called 'brunos',[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 'goons', 'hatchetmen', 'torpedoes' and 'trigger men'. Additionally, hired killers may also be called 'droppers' or 'button men'. Some organizations can be quite large, but a great deal can be done by merely a single man with some hired guns. Sometimes, large organizations will also involve book-making operations, speak easies, lotteries, or any other criminal operations. This could attract 'grifters', criminals that actually work by gaining the confidence of victim (known as the 'mark' or 'sucker') and swindling them out of money. A lady who uses sex to do a con job can also be known as a 'worker'. Most grifters work alone, but some could be associated with a 'clip joint', a nightclub or gambling joint in which the patrons get flimflammed. Some crimes also involve a safe cracker, which there are several types. A 'can opener' or 'yegg' are only able to open cheap safes, along with a 'Peterman' uses nitroglycerine (aka 'soup'). A 'fence' resells stolen goods.
Policemen and DetectivesIf there's one thing worthwhile criminal fears, it's the police. When your inside man flashes you a 'buzzer' (police badge),[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], this means the jig's up. More dangerous than the coppers on the beat, though, are the detectives. Sometimes known as a 'dick', 'shamus', 'gumshoe' or 'flatfoot', the detective is the true hero of the story, unravelling the hairiest schemes and bringing bad guys to justice. Most noir detectives are privately hired investigators (working for a customer and not law enforcement) and therefore are thus able to solve crimes in more unconventional ways but they are also potentially more corrupt (a lot appear to have drinking problems and their own history with the law). Whenever a criminal is caught, he's usually due for time in 'the big house' or 'hoosegow', both terms for prison if it's not named explicitly (eg, Alcatraz, Rikers Island). Usually justice is served, but sometimes a 'patsy' takes the 'rap' (an innocent man is framed for any criminal charge). This is also known as 'taking the fall'. Sometimes, a prison sentence can be avoided if one is prepared to implicate others involved in the crime, when you are such a 'stool pigeon' is invariably fatal, as nobody likes a 'snitch'.
WeaponsViolence may be the true language of crime, but hard-boiled slang still has lots of words for this. Typically, a detective will find himself threatened at first having a beating by some all-too-willing 'trouble boys'. He may also be questioned forcefully, a technique referred to as being 'given the third degree' or 'putting the screws on somebody'. Giving someone 'the bum's rush' would be to show them the door, while a 'red-light' is a forceful ejection from an automobile (which itself might be known as a 'boiler', 'bucket' and 'flivver'). A 'blackjack' or 'sap' is really a small leather strap full of metal used to quickly knock someone out. A knife might be known as a 'shiv' or a 'sticker'. These sometimes send the content, but any gang that really wants to command respect is going to be carrying firearms. Guns are everywhere in pulp fiction, there are thus lots of words to describe them. A gun can be a 'bean-shooter', 'gat', 'rod',[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or 'roscoe'. The action of carrying firearms may also be described as 'packing heat' or 'wearing iron'. Shooting someone can also be known as 'drilling' or 'plugging', or through the more evocative phrases 'squirting metal', 'throwing lead', 'giving someone lead poisoning' or 'filling someone with daylight' (ie, by putting holes in them). After that, the chump usually ends up inside a 'Chicago overcoat' (coffin), and hopefully people get the message you aren't to become messed with.
WomenAlthough most criminals are usually men, women often come in noir fiction, usually in type of a sarcastic secretary,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], a mysterious client for that detective, or a sultry nightclub singer. Unsurprisingly, there's a fair number of terms for ladies, often somewhat degrading3. A lady could be known as a 'babe', 'broad', 'dame', 'doll', 'frail' or 'twist', among other terms. A really attractive women may be termed a 'dish', 'looker', or 'tomato'. Surprisingly,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], legs are the most cherished facet of beauty in noir fiction4. So a woman's legs may be called 'gams', 'getaway sticks' or 'pins'. An individual who is 'dizzy with a dame' is extremely much in love with a lady,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], sometimes at great risk privately, particularly if she's another person's moll.
Liquor and DrugsLife is affordable about the streets, and many use drink to drown their sorrows. Alcohol in general is sometimes called 'booze', 'giggle juice' or 'hooch'. Sometimes, alcohol is referred to explicitly in slang, frequently as what it's produced from (eg, 'rye' for rye whiskey or 'corn' for bourbon) or other distinctive properties (gin is sometimes called 'white'). During Prohibition5, most alcohol was made in back rooms and subsequently of poor, hence there are references to 'rotgut' and 'bathtub gin'. This cheap liquor was often bought from a 'speak easy', a bar disguised as something else (or hidden behind an unmarked door). The action of drinking might be referred to as 'having a sniff in the bottle', 'nibbling one', or 'tipping a few'. Marijuana was referred to as 'juju', 'mesca', 'muggles', and 'reefer'. Other medicine is not as common in literature, but be prominent in post-war fiction, when servicemen returned in the war as 'hop-heads' hooked on heroin. Cocaine can also be sometimes referred to as 'nose candy'.
Other Miscellaneous PhrasesThere are several other colourful phrases that may appear in difficult boiled slang. 'Taking a powder' means to leave, within an allusion to women leaving to adjust their makeup. 'Bumping gums' is to discuss nothing useful, along with a 'trip for biscuits' is really a task that yields nothing useful. Having the 'bulge' on someone means you have the advantage. A 'Chinese angle' is an unusual perspective on the situation that reveals a different insight.
1This adjective usually describes crime stories with hard-hearted protagonists and an unflinching depiction of crime.2For instance, a mobile phone might be called an 'ameche', 'blower' and 'horn' all in the same book.3The 1930s were less enlightened times,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and ladies were often appreciated just for their looks and money.4This are closely related to censorship or even the newly-discovered eroticism of mass manufactured stockings.5Alcoholic beverages were illegal through the United States from 1920 until that Constitutional Amendment was repealed in 1933. Unlike popular hopes, prohibition didn't stop drinking, but only drove it underground,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], creating a tremendous new revenue source for criminal organizations along the way.
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