Counterfeit goods threaten firms

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Counterfeit goods threaten firms
While digital technology has opened a new realm of illicit copying (story, Page 40), counterfeiting--the traditional threat to trademarks and patents--is thriving as never before. Most people, like Arons until recently, think it means cheap knockoffs of Rolex watches and Kate Spade purses. In fact, the practice goes far beyond fake luxury goods--and more is at stake than corporate profits.
Arons's pills had the same active ingredient as Lipitor and seem to have done her no harm. She was lucky. The World Health Organization estimates that worldwide,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 8 percent of medicines are fakes; in poorer nations it's a shocking 25 percent. While some are close matches to the real thing, others are dangerous substitutes. Early this year the Food and Drug Administration intercepted a large shipment of bacteria-tainted water labeled as the anemia drug Procrit.
Big business. Drugs are a small but alarming part of the global tide of counterfeit goods. Cigarettes, sneakers, toys, golf clubs, makeup, perfume,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], soft drinks, chemicals, film,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], baby food,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], liquor, electronics, auto parts--you name the item and brand, and someone's selling a bogus version. The International Chamber of Commerce reckons counterfeit and pirated goods account for up to 8 percent of world trade, some $375 billion this year. The volume seems to be rising. Bureau of Customs and Border Protection seized about $100 million in fake goods last year, compared with $57 million in 2001. "It affects virtually every type of product made,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]," says Bill Dobson,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], director of the Global Business Leaders Alliance Against Counterfeiting.
Behind the increase are better technologies,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], including photo-quality scanners and printers that convincingly fake packaging, and the Internet,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which puts all the product information a counterfeiter could want at his fingertips. By opening borders, globalization makes fakes easy to distribute. And with factories located in remote countries,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], counterfeiters can divert the technology and supplies needed to produce knockoffs.
Products from China, Taiwan,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and Hong Kong made up 78 percent of the fakes seized by customs last year. "There are thousands,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], if not millions,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], of people in China devoted to counterfeiting, including entire towns,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]," says Peter Lowe, director of the International Chamber's Counterfeiting Intelligence Bureau,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], based in London. Other hotbeds include North and South Korea, Pakistan, several former Soviet republics,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and Paraguay--particularly the lawless Triple Frontier region bordering Argentina and Brazil. businesses lose between $200 billion and $250 billion each year to counterfeiting, the FBI says. In 1995 the auto industry estimated it could hire 210,000 more workers if the fake auto-parts trade disappeared. Counterfeiting also saps tax revenues.
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